U.S. Car Infotainment Market Size, Share | Industry Trend & Forecast 2030

Report Code: ESR 0905 Report Format: PDF + Excel

U.S. Car Infotainment Market Size overview

The U.S. car infotainment market is projected to expand from $4,284 million in 2023 to $7,340 million by 2030, representing a robust compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.2% during this forecast period. This growth is largely fueled by technological advancements, shifting consumer preferences, and the automotive industry's commitment to enhancing user experiences through more integrated and connected vehicles. The evolution of features such as high-definition touchscreens, advanced audio systems, and seamless smartphone connectivity has made modern infotainment systems increasingly appealing to consumers. The demand for high-quality audio and video experiences, coupled with the popularity of streaming services and integrated applications, has encouraged automakers to adopt cutting-edge infotainment solutions. Furthermore, the rise of electric and autonomous vehicles has driven the need for sophisticated infotainment systems to enhance the user experience during longer periods spent in vehicles. As the automotive sector continues to innovate and embrace emerging technologies, the future of in-vehicle infotainment systems is poised for substantial growth. With the shift toward fully autonomous vehicles, infotainment systems will play a pivotal role in transforming cars into mobile hubs for entertainment and productivity, ensuring that the driving experience evolves alongside technological advancements.

Report Coverage

The report: “U.S. Car Infotainment Market – Forecast (2024-2030)” by IndustryARC, covers an in-depth analysis of the following segments in the U.S. Car Infotainment market.

  • By Product Type: Audio Units, Display Units, Navigation Systems, Comprehensive Systems, and Others.
  • By Display Types: Non-Touch and Touch Screen Displays.
  • By Location: Front Row and Rear Row.
  • By Connectivity: Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, USB, and Others.
  • By Operating Systems: Android, ONX, Linux, Windows, and Others.
  • By Installation Types: Integrated, Embedded, and Tethered.
  • By Connection: 3G/4G and 5G.
  • By Display Size: <5”, 5-10”, >10”.
  • By Type of Vehicle: ICE and EV.
  • By Vehicle Type: Passenger Cars, Heavy Commercial Vehicle and Light Commercial Vehicle.
  • By Sales Channel: Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) and Aftermarket Sales.
  • By Geography: Midwest, Southeast, Southwest, West, and Northeast.

Key Takeaways

  • The Midwest dominated the automotive infotainment systems market in 2023 with a 40% share and is projected to grow at a CAGR of 9.2% from 2024 to 2030, driven by the region's strong automotive industry presence.
  • Modern infotainment systems are designed to be intuitive and user-friendly, catering to the tech-savvy demographic in the Midwest, who increasingly integrate smart technology into their daily lives.
  • Growing consumer expectations for advanced in-car technologies, along with enhanced connectivity, safety features, and integration with smart devices, are driving high demand for automotive infotainment systems in the Midwest, reflecting national trends towards more connected vehicles.

U.S. Car Infotainment Market Segmentation Analysis - By Product Type 

In the U.S. Car Infotainment Market, display units currently dominate with a market share of 32% in 2023 and are projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.8% from 2024 to 2030. This growth is largely driven by the increasing demand for connectivity features, such as smartphone mirroring, internet access, and app integration, appealing to tech-savvy consumers seeking a smart and seamless driving experience. Additionally, comprehensive infotainment systems are expected to witness the highest growth rate, with a CAGR of 11.3% during the same forecast period. The rapid advancement of technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, and 5G is propelling this market, enhancing user experiences through improved connectivity, real-time navigation, and personalized entertainment options. Continuous innovation in these areas is essential to meet evolving consumer expectations, with comprehensive systems offering advanced features such as voice control and personalized settings, further driving consumer preference and market growth.

U.S. Car Infotainment Market Segmentation Analysis - By Display Type

In the U.S. Car Infotainment Market, non-touch displays currently lead with a significant market share of 65% in 2023 and are anticipated to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.0% from 2024 to 2030. These systems are increasingly incorporating advanced voice control technology, allowing drivers to use hands-free commands for features like navigation, music playback, and phone calls, thus enhancing safety and convenience on the road. Conversely, touchscreen displays are projected to achieve the highest growth rate, with a CAGR of 8.7% during the same forecast period. The introduction of touchscreens has revolutionized user engagement by offering interfaces that closely resemble those of smartphones, significantly improving the driving experience through seamless navigation, entertainment, and communication. A notable trend in vehicles like the Lexus RX 350 SUV is the move towards larger, high-resolution touchscreen displays. These larger screens not only provide more information and controls but also facilitate easier interaction for drivers, helping to minimize distractions and improve overall user experience.

U.S. Car Infotainment Market Segmentation Analysis - By Location

In the Location, front-row systems are poised to dominate, with a projected value of $3,178 million in 2024. These systems are essential for driver engagement, providing a range of features that enhance the driving experience. Meanwhile, rear-row infotainment solutions are experiencing significant growth, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.9%. This segment is gaining traction, especially among family vehicles, as it caters to passengers' entertainment needs during travel. Together, front-row and rear-row systems illustrate the evolving dynamics of automotive infotainment, emphasizing the importance of both driver engagement and passenger comfort in modern vehicles.

U.S. Car Infotainment Market Segmentation Analysis - By Connectivity

In the connectivity segment, Bluetooth technology continues to thrive, benefiting from its widespread adoption in vehicle systems, which enhances user convenience and functionality. Meanwhile, the Wi-Fi segment is set to experience impressive growth, projected to achieve a robust compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 10.8%. This surge underscores the increasing demand for fast and reliable internet connectivity in vehicles, allowing passengers to seamlessly connect their devices for entertainment and navigation purposes. Together, Bluetooth and Wi-Fi exemplify the critical role of connectivity solutions in modern vehicles, catering to consumer needs for both convenience and high-speed internet access, ultimately enhancing the overall driving experience.

U.S. Car Infotainment Market Segmentation Analysis - By Operation System

In the operating system segment, Android is anticipated to take the lead, with a projected compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9.1%. This growth reflects the increasing integration of familiar and user-friendly operating systems into car infotainment systems, enhancing the overall user experience. Meanwhile, QNX remains a strong competitor, with a projected growth rate of 8.2%, demonstrating its continued relevance in the market. The presence of these operating systems illustrates a significant trend toward leveraging consumer-preferred platforms in automotive technology, thereby driving innovation and improving functionality in vehicle infotainment solutions. Together, Android and QNX are reshaping the landscape of automotive operating systems, catering to the evolving demands of consumers for seamless and intuitive interfaces in their vehicles.

U.S. Car Infotainment Market Segmentation Analysis - By Installation Type

In the installation type segment, integrated systems are experiencing significant growth, projected to achieve a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9.0%. These systems are rapidly becoming standard in new vehicle models, offering a seamless and cohesive user experience by combining various infotainment features into a single interface. Similarly, embedded systems are also on an upward trajectory, with an expected growth rate of 8.6%. These systems enhance vehicle functionality by providing essential features without the need for external devices, streamlining the driving experience. Together, integrated and embedded systems exemplify the industry's shift toward more sophisticated and efficient infotainment solutions, catering to consumer preferences for convenience and advanced technology in modern vehicles.

U.S. Car Infotainment Market Segmentation Analysis - By Connection

In the connection segment, 5G technology is poised for remarkable growth, with a projected compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 12.1%. This surge is indicative of the rising demand for faster data speeds and enhanced connectivity options in vehicles, enabling a host of advanced features and services that improve the driving experience. The adoption of 5G technology facilitates seamless integration of real-time data applications, advanced navigation systems, and enhanced infotainment options, catering to the evolving expectations of consumers for high-speed connectivity on the go. As automotive manufacturers increasingly embrace this cutting-edge technology, 5G is set to play a pivotal role in shaping the future of connected vehicles, delivering enhanced functionality and a more immersive user experience.

U.S. Car Infotainment Market Segmentation Analysis - By Display Size

In the U.S. car infotainment market, displays larger than 10 inches dominate, holding a 49% market share in 2023 and projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.9% from 2024 to 2030. These large displays enhance user experience by providing detailed and easily accessible information, improving visibility and interaction for navigation, entertainment, and connectivity features. A notable example is Ford's new in-car infotainment system, introduced in January 2024, which features a 48-inch curved display spanning the dashboard in the 2024 Lincoln Nautilus SUV. The second-largest segment is comprised of displays between 5 and 10 inches, accounting for 32% of the market in 2023 and expected to grow at a CAGR of 7.4% during the forecast period. These displays are essential in modern vehicles, balancing compactness and functionality by offering sufficient screen space for various infotainment applications while maintaining a sleek dashboard design.

U.S. Car Infotainment Market Segmentation Analysis - By Vehicle Type

In the U.S. Car Infotainment Market, light commercial vehicles (LCVs) lead with a significant market share of 62% in 2023, projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.0% from 2024 to 2030. LCVs are vital for businesses that depend on efficient goods and services transportation, and the increasing demand for advanced fleet management solutions is driving the adoption of sophisticated infotainment systems. These systems offer features like real-time tracking, route optimization, and vehicle diagnostics, enhancing operational efficiency and reducing costs for businesses. Meanwhile, passenger cars are expected to experience the highest growth rate in the market, with a CAGR of 8.9% during the same period. Consumers are increasingly seeking seamless connectivity in their vehicles to maintain their digital lives on the go, which is prompting car manufacturers to incorporate infotainment systems with features such as smartphone integration, Wi-Fi hotspots, and streaming services. This growing demand for connectivity reflects a steady investment in advanced infotainment solutions within the U.S. automotive sector.

U.S. Car Infotainment Market Segmentation Analysis - By Sales Channel

In the sales channel segment, Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) are expected to see steady growth, driven by the increasing trend of integrated infotainment systems in new vehicles. This reflects a shift towards offering consumers more cohesive and technologically advanced solutions directly from manufacturers. On the other hand, the aftermarket segment is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.4%, fueled by consumer demand for upgrades and enhancements to existing vehicles. This growth indicates a robust market for additional features and improvements, as consumers seek to enhance their driving experience. Together, OEMs and the aftermarket demonstrate the diverse pathways through which infotainment systems are evolving, catering to both new vehicle buyers and those looking to modernize their current cars.

U.S. Car Infotainment Market Segmentation Analysis - By Geography

In the Geography, the Midwest region is currently leading in market value, projected to reach $3,153 million by 2030, capturing approximately 40% of the market share in 2023. This dominance reflects the region's strong demand for advanced infotainment solutions. Meanwhile, the Southeast and Southwest regions also exhibit promising growth rates, with the Southeast accounting for 25% of the market and the Southwest representing 10% in 2023. Additionally, the Northeast region contributes a notable 22% to the overall market. These trends indicate a robust demand for infotainment solutions across various U.S. regions, showcasing the diverse preferences and needs of consumers as the automotive industry continues to evolve with technological advancements. 


U.S. Car Infotainment Market                                       

Market Drivers:

Increasing Demand for In-car Entertainment

The rising demand for in-car entertainment systems is a key driver of growth in the car infotainment market, as consumers increasingly expect advanced multimedia and connectivity solutions for enhanced travel experiences. With individuals spending more time commuting, the need for sophisticated entertainment systems that deliver immersive audio-visual experiences has become critical. Features like surround sound, high-definition screens, and compatibility with various media formats cater to modern consumers' diverse preferences. The integration of connected car technologies, such as Apple CarPlay, Android Auto, and Bluetooth, allows seamless connectivity between smartphones and vehicle infotainment systems, enhancing the overall driving experience. Additionally, the growth of the U.S. passenger car market fuels this demand, reflected in significant increases in the average value of quality changes in newly produced automobiles. Furthermore, advances in digital content delivery, driven by the proliferation of streaming services, have heightened consumer expectations for uninterrupted access to music, videos, and other digital content, often facilitated by robust 4G and 5G connectivity within vehicles, ensuring passengers remain entertained throughout their journeys.

Integration of Advanced Features

Infotainment systems are evolving to incorporate a wide range of advanced features, significantly enhancing the user experience while driving. With connectivity options such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and USB ports, users can effortlessly connect their smartphones, tablets, and other devices, facilitating hands-free calling, music streaming, and access to navigation apps. Car manufacturers are also leveraging advanced AI algorithms to personalize infotainment systems according to individual preferences and usage patterns, recommending music based on listening history and automatically adjusting climate and seating preferences. The integration of in-vehicle payment systems allows drivers to conveniently pay for services like fuel, parking fees, and tolls directly from their cars, eliminating the need for cash or cards. Furthermore, these innovative features set the stage for future advancements, including vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, augmented reality (AR) navigation, and smart home device integration. The growing demand for advanced safety features, self-driving capabilities, and digital cockpits further fuels the automotive infotainment market, as the emphasis on driver safety drives the adoption of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and digital monitoring systems (DMS). As technology continues to evolve, the integration of these advanced features into car infotainment systems is expected to significantly contribute to the growth of the U.S. automotive infotainment market, reshaping the future of transportation and driving experiences.

Government Regulations are Playing a Significant Role In Shaping the Market Growth

Government regulations are playing a crucial role in shaping the growth of the U.S. car infotainment market, particularly by enhancing safety and security standards. With a strong focus on improving road safety and reducing accidents, regulatory bodies are increasingly requiring the integration of advanced safety features in vehicles. Connected car devices have emerged as a key solution to meet these regulatory demands, enabling seamless communication between vehicles, drivers, infrastructure, and the cloud. By utilizing technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication, these devices provide real-time updates on traffic conditions, road hazards, and navigation assistance, significantly enhancing the overall driving experience. For example, initiatives from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), including the Federal Automated Vehicles Policy and the Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication mandate, have laid the groundwork for integrating advanced infotainment systems focused on safety and connectivity. Additionally, with the rise of connected car technologies, data privacy and security concerns have prompted governments to enact regulations ensuring responsible handling of consumer data collected by infotainment systems, thus safeguarding personal information from potential breaches. As automakers work to comply with these evolving regulations, the demand for connected car devices is expected to increase significantly, driving growth in the U.S. car infotainment market. Manufacturers are racing to equip their vehicles with cutting-edge technologies that not only meet regulatory standards but also satisfy consumer preferences for enhanced connectivity and convenience, positioning the market for substantial advancements in the coming years.

Market Challenges:

The U.S. Car Infotainment Market Faces Significant Cybersecurity Concerns

The U.S. car infotainment market is grappling with significant cybersecurity concerns that pose threats to the safety and privacy of both drivers and passengers. The complexity and interconnectedness of modern in-vehicle infotainment systems—which include hardware, software, mobile apps, and Bluetooth connectivity—create multiple potential attack vectors for cybercriminals. As the automotive industry's Connected Revolution has introduced internet integration to vehicles, the initial focus on Fleet Management Systems for commercial vehicles has expanded to include passenger vehicles, starting with low-security features like infotainment and navigation. However, as these systems increasingly incorporate sensitive data and services, they become prime targets for cyberattacks. The convergence of entertainment, navigation, and vehicle-centric applications raises the risk of malware attacks on platforms such as Android and Apple, highlighting the urgent need for robust cybersecurity measures to protect users and their vehicles. Furthermore, the proliferation of sensors in modern vehicles exacerbates these threats, as hackers could exploit vulnerabilities to steal personally identifiable information (PII), including trip data, location history, and financial details, thereby undermining consumer trust in the market. The automotive industry faces increasing risks due to insecure coding, weak authentication, and wireless communication vulnerabilities that expose digital cockpits to attacks, leading to potential consequences such as industrial espionage and identity theft. Additionally, the infiltration of malicious code through USB devices poses a serious threat to in-vehicle infotainment (IVI) systems, where social engineering tactics could compromise security and disrupt functionality. As the landscape of cyber threats evolves, the U.S. car infotainment market must rapidly adapt its cybersecurity measures to safeguard against these vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity of both vehicles and consumer data.

The Impact of the Chip Shortage on U.S. Car Infotainment Market Growth      

The ongoing chip shortage has significantly impacted the growth of the U.S. car infotainment market by disrupting the supply chain for automotive manufacturers and leading to delays in vehicle production and delivery. Infotainment systems are heavily reliant on semiconductor chips for their functionality, and the current shortage has restricted the availability of these critical components, hindering the production of vehicles equipped with advanced infotainment features. As of February 2024, the decline in U.S. semiconductor production, coupled with reduced government research and development investment, poses substantial challenges for automotive technology, as the U.S. produces less than 10% of global semiconductors and lacks the capacity for the most advanced chips. This situation may prompt some consumers to postpone purchasing new vehicles or to opt for models with less sophisticated infotainment systems, ultimately affecting overall demand and market growth. Furthermore, the scarcity of semiconductor chips has led to increased production costs for manufacturers, which could result in higher prices for consumers and dampen demand as affordability becomes a pressing concern. Investigations have revealed that companies reliant on these chips have only a few days' supply, emphasizing the fragility of the semiconductor supply chain even after more than a year of shortages. This scarcity not only hampers the production of advanced infotainment systems but also stifles innovation and the integration of new technologies and features, impacting automakers' competitiveness in the market and slowing the overall growth of the industry. As the market navigates these challenges, the need for a robust semiconductor supply chain will be crucial for sustaining advancements in car infotainment systems and meeting consumer expectations.

U.S. Car Infotainment Market Competitive Landscape

Product launches, acquisitions, market penetration, and R&D activities are key strategies adopted by players in the Electronic Access Control market. The top players in the U.S. Car Infotainment market are: Robert Bosch, Garmin Ltd., Pioneer Corporation, Clarion, Denso Corporation, Alpine Electronics, Continental AG, Samsung (Harman International), Kenwood U.S.A., and Panasonic Corporation, along with various other companies

Recent Developments

  • On January 10, 2024, KENWOOD USA announced the expansion of its distribution partnership with Ultimate Marketing, entrusting them with distribution in Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Georgia, and Florida, alongside North and South Carolina. This expanded role for Ultimate Marketing underscores their dedication to providing KENWOOD's top-tier automotive, marine, and motorsports solutions to a wider audience. This collaboration is set to improve accessibility and service for customers throughout the southeastern United States.
  • On September 8, 2022, Alps Alpine North America, Inc. introduced TIDAL integration via a complimentary software update for head units such as the Alpine Halo11 iLX-F511, Halo9 iLX-F509, iLX-507, and Jeep-specific radios i509-WRA-JK and i509-WRA-JL. This milestone makes Alpine the first aftermarket car audio company to offer this feature.

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  1.    U.S. Car Infotainment Market- Market Overview
      1.1    Definitions and Scope
  2.    U.S. Car Infotainment Magnets Market- Executive Summary
      2.1    Key Trends by Product Type
      2.2    Key Trends by Display Type
      2.3    Key Trends by Location
      2.4    Key Trends by Connectivity
      2.5    Key Trends by Operating System
      2.6    Key Trends by Installation Type
      2.7    Key Trends by Connection
      2.8    Key Trends by Display Size
      2.9    Key Trends by Types of Vehicle
      2.10    Key Trends by Vehicle Type
      2.11    Key Trends by Sales Channel
      2.12    Key Trends by Geography
  3.    U.S. Car Infotainment Market–Comparative Analysis 
      3.1    Product/Company Benchmarking- Major Companies
      3.2    Financials Analysis–Key Companies
      3.3    Market Share Analysis- Top 10 Companies
      3.4    Patent Analysis – Global Level
      3.5    Pricing Analysis–Average Pricing
  4.    U.S. Car Infotainment Market– Industry Market Entry Scenario Premium 
      4.1    Regulatory Scenario
      4.2    Ease of Doing Business Index
      4.3    Case Studies
      4.4    Customer Analysis
  5.    U.S. Car Infotainment Market– Startup Company Scenario 
      5.1    Venture Capital and Funding Scenario
      5.2    Startup Company Analysis (Key Startups Analyzed)
  6.    U.S. Car Infotainment Market- Market Forces
      6.1    Market Drivers
      6.2    Market Challenges
      6.3    Porters Five Force Model
            6.3.1    Bargaining power of suppliers
            6.3.2    Bargaining powers of customers
            6.3.3    Threat of New Entrants
            6.3.4    Rivalry among existing players
            6.3.5    Threat of Substitutes 
  7.    U.S. Car Infotainment Market– Strategic Analysis 
      7.1    Value Chain Analysis
      7.2    Opportunities Analysis
      7.3    Product Life Cycle
      7.4    Suppliers and Distributors
  8.    U.S. Car Infotainment Market - By Product Type (Market Size -$Million / $Billion)
      8.1    Audio Unit
            8.1.1    Single-DIN Audio Systems
            8.1.2    Double-DIN Audio Systems
            8.1.3    Multimedia Audio Systems
            8.1.4    Premium Audio Systems
      8.2    Display Unit
            8.2.1    LCD Displays
            8.2.2    OLED Displays
            8.2.3    LED Displays
            8.2.4    Others
      8.3    Navigation Systems
      8.4    Comprehensive Systems
      8.5    Others
  9.    U.S. Car Infotainment Market - By Display Type (Market Size -$Million / $Billion)
      9.1    Non-Touch Display
      9.2    Touch Screen Display 
  10.    U.S. Car Infotainment Market - By Location (Market Size -$Million / $Billion)
      10.1    Front Row 
      10.2    Rear Row
  11.    U.S. Car Infotainment Market - By Connectivity (Market Size -$Million / $Billion
      11.1    Bluetooth
      11.2    Wi-Fi
      11.3    USB
      11.4    Others
  12.    U.S. Car Infotainment Market - By Operating System (Market Size -$Million / $Billion
      12.1    Android
      12.2    ONX
      12.3    Linux
      12.4    Windows
      12.5    Others
  13.    U.S. Car Infotainment Market - By Installation Type (Market Size -$Million / $Billion
      13.1    Integrated
      13.2    Embedded
      13.3    Tethered
  14.    U.S. Car Infotainment Market - By Connection (Market Size -$Million / $Billion)
      14.1    3G/4G
      14.2    5G
  15.    U.S. Car Infotainment Market - By Display Size (Market Size -$Million / $Billion)
      15.1    <5”
      15.2    5-10”
      15.3    >10”
  16.    U.S. Car Infotainment Market - By Type of Vehicle (Market Size -$Million / $Billion)
      16.1    ICE 
      16.2    EV
            16.2.1    Battery Electric
            16.2.2    Hybrid
            16.2.3    Fuel Cell
  17.    U.S. Car Infotainment Market - By Vehicle Type (Market Size -$Million / $Billion)
      17.1    Passenger Cars
            17.1.1    Hatchbacks/Small Car
            17.1.2    Sedan
            17.1.3    SUV
            17.1.4    Others
      17.2    Heavy Commercial Vehicle
      17.3    Light Commercial Vehicle
  18.    U.S. Car Infotainment Market - By Sales Channel (Market Size -$Million / $Billion)
      18.1    Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEMs)
      18.2    Aftermarket
  19.    U.S. Car Infotainment Market - By Geography (Market Size -$Million/Billion)
      19.1    U.S.
            19.1.1    Midwest
            19.1.2    Southeast
            19.1.3    Southwest
            19.1.4    West
            19.1.5    Northeast
  20.    U.S. Car Infotainment Market - Entropy
                  13.1 New Product Launches
                  13.2 M&As, Collaboration, JVs and Partnerships
  21.    U.S. Car Infotainment Market - Industry Competition Landscape 
      21.1    Market Share Global (10 Companies at Global Level)
      21.2    Market Share by Region (5 Companies Per Region)
      21.3    Market Share by Country (5 Companies per Country. Covering 10 Key Countries – U.S, Canada, Brazil, Germany, France, UK, China, Japan, India, Middle East)
  22.    U.S. Car Infotainment Market - Key Company List by Country Premium 
  (Upto 5 Companies per Country for 10 Countries - U.S, Canada, Brazil, Germany, France, UK, China, Japan, India, Saudi Arabia, Middle East – Tentative: 50 Companies Subject to Availability)
  23.    U.S. Car Infotainment Market Company Analysis (Market Overview, Product Portfolio, Revenue, Developments)
      23.1    Robert Bosch 
      23.2    Garmin Ltd. 
      23.3    Pioneer Corporation 
      23.4    Clarion Denso Corporation 
      23.5    Alpine Electronics 
      23.6    Continental AG 
      23.7    Samsung (Harman International) 
      23.8    Kenwood U.S.A. 
      23.9    Panasonic Corporation 
      23.10    Others